46 nations, faiths & peoples

Everyone you meet carries a history.

Learn the story behind someone's world: the big ideas in five minutes, the moments that shaped them, and how they see it themselves.

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Did you know Armenians · 301 (traditional date; some historians prefer c. 314) King Trdat III, converted by Gregory the Illuminator, makes Christianity the religion of the Armenian kingdom, by tradition in 301, before the Roman Empire did the same.
46 identities
627 moments in history
280 people to know

Explore by region

Europe

Park Güell

Catalonia

A Mediterranean people with a thousand-year-old sense of itself, a language that survived a dictatorship, and a society split almost down the middle over whether its future lies inside Spain or outside it.

Stonehenge

England

An old country that rarely talks about itself, fond of understatement, queues, pubs and self-mockery, still working out where Englishness ends and Britishness begins.

Mont-Saint-Michel

France

An old nation that reinvented itself as a republic of ideas, proud of its language, its table and its arguments, and still wrestling with the memory of defeat, empire and who gets to count as French.

Brandenburg Gate

Germany

A young nation with an old, many-centred culture, which has made facing the darkest chapter of its past part of who it is, and is still learning to be one country after forty years apart.

Rock of Cashel

Ireland

A small island with a long memory, a huge scattered family, and a habit of talking its way through hard things, now one of the most open societies in Europe.

Colosseum

Italy

A young state made of ancient cities, where family, food and beauty are taken seriously, the state is not, and every town is sure it is the real Italy.

Giant's Causeway

Northern Ireland

A small place with two big stories, British and Irish, learning to live with a third, and famous for dark humour, warm welcomes and the hardest-won peace in Europe.

Wawel Castle

Poland

A nation that was wiped off the map and refused to disappear, shaped by faith, freedom and two powerful neighbours, and now one of Europe's great success stories.

Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer

Roma

Europe's largest minority, a people with roots in India and six centuries in Europe, scattered across every country, bound by family, music and memory, and still fighting to be seen as they are rather than as the stereotype.

Moscow Kremlin

Russia

The world's largest country, with a great literature, a hard history and a deep habit of endurance, whose people and whose state are not the same thing.

Edinburgh Castle

Scotland

An old nation inside a younger union, proud of its schools, its stubbornness and its sense of fairness, still arguing, mostly good-naturedly, about whether to go its own way.

Alhambra

Spain

An old crossroads of Christians, Muslims and Jews that built a world empire, tore itself apart in civil war, and reinvented itself as one of Europe's most open, sociable democracies, while still arguing about what "Spain" means.

Saint Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv

Ukraine

A people who kept their identity alive for centuries under other people's empires, and are now fighting to keep the state they won.

Snowdon

Wales

A small, singing, stubborn nation of the original Britons, which kept its ancient language alive next door to the most powerful neighbour imaginable and has recently found its own political voice.

Middle East

Khor Virap

Armenians

An ancient people of the highlands below Mount Ararat, the first to make Christianity a state religion, scattered by genocide across the world, and still gathering around the same table.

Giza pyramid complex

Egypt

The "mother of the world" on a ribbon of the Nile, more than a hundred million people carrying seven thousand years of history, a deep faith, a sharp sense of humour and a hard daily struggle.

Naqsh-e Jahan Square

Iran

An ancient civilisation that kept its language and its poetry through every conquest, a people of deep hospitality and dark humour, and a society that has long been at odds with those who rule it.

Tel Aviv

Israel

A young state built by an ancient people coming home, argumentative, warm and restless, carrying the Holocaust, its wars and 7 October, and still at odds with the people it shares the land with.

Erbil Citadel

Kurds

One of the largest peoples in the world without a state of their own, divided by borders among four countries, and still singing about the mountains.

Bethlehem

Palestinians

A people rooted in olive groves and old towns, scattered by war across the world, holding on to land, memory and each other through occupation, exile and the devastation of Gaza.

Masmak Fort

Saudi Arabia

Guardians of Islam's holiest cities, a desert society of tribe, family and fierce hospitality, transformed by oil in two generations and now changing faster than almost anywhere on earth.

Hagia Sophia

Turkey (Türkiye)

A people who came from the steppes, built an empire on three continents, rebuilt themselves as a republic, and still argue passionately about who they are, over endless glasses of tea.

South Asia

East & Southeast Asia

Africa

The Americas

Faiths & peoples across the world

Borobudur

Buddhism

A path, more than a creed, begun by a teacher in ancient India who said suffering has causes and can end, now followed by over 300 million people from Sri Lanka to Japan to California.

St. Peter's Basilica

Catholicism

The world's largest church, about 1.4 billion people from Manila to Kinshasa to Chicago, bound together by the Mass, the sacraments, the saints and the successor of Peter in Rome.

Ghats in Varanasi

Hinduism

The world's third-largest religion, about 1.2 billion people, with no founder, no single book and no church, held together by shared stories, gods, festivals and the idea of dharma.

Great Mosque of Mecca

Islam

A faith of about two billion people, from Morocco to Indonesia to Michigan, built on one God, one book and a daily rhythm of prayer.

Western Wall

Jewish people

A small people of about sixteen million, at once a family, a faith and a culture, held together across three thousand years by a book, a calendar and the habit of remembering.

Mount Athos

Orthodox Christianity

The Christianity of Byzantium, the Slavs, the Balkans, Ethiopia and the Middle East, some 260 million people who pray before icons, keep the old fasts and believe heaven touches earth in the Divine Liturgy.

All Saints' Church, Wittenberg

Protestantism

The many churches born of the Reformation, from Lutherans and Anglicans to Baptists and Pentecostals, some 800 million people who hold the Bible as their final authority and trust in grace received by faith.

Golden Temple

Sikhism

A faith of some 25–30 million people, born in Punjab five centuries ago, built on one God, equality, honest work and a free kitchen open to all.